Individual patterns in blood-borne indicators of fatigue
- Blood-borne markers of fatigue such as creatine kinase (CK) and urea (U) are widely used to fine-tune training recommendations. However, predictive accuracy is low. A possible explanation for this dissatisfactory characteristic is the propensity of athletes to react to different patterns of fatigue indicators (e.g., predominantly muscular [CK] or metabolic [U]). The aim of the present trial was to explore this hypothesis by using repetitive fatigue-recovery cycles. A total of 22 elite junior swimmers and triathletes (18 \(\pm\) 3 years) were monitored for 9 weeks throughout 2 training phases (low-intensity, high-volume [LIHV] and high-intensity, low-volume [HILV] phases). Blood samples were collected each Monday (recovered) and Friday (fatigued) morning. From measured values of CK, U, free-testosterone (FT), and cortisol (C) as determined in the rested and fatigued state, respectively, Monday–Friday differences (\(\Delta\)) were calculated and classified by magnitude before calculation of ratios (\(\Delta\)CK/\(\Delta\)U and \(\Delta\)FT/\(\Delta\)C). Coefficient of variation (CV) was calculated as group-based estimates of reproducibility. Linear mixed modeling was used to differentiate inter- and intraindividual variability. Consistency of patterns was analyzed by comparing with threshold values (<0.9 or >1.1 for all weeks). Reproducibility was very low for fatigue-induced changes (CV ≥ 100%) with interindividual variation accounting for 45–60% of overall variability. Case-wise analysis indicated consistent \(\Delta\)CK/\(\Delta\)U patterns for 7 individuals in LIHV and 7 in HILV; 5 responded consistently throughout. For \(\Delta\)FT/\(\Delta\)C the number of consistent patterns was 2 in LIHV and 3 in HILV. These findings highlight the potential value of an individualized and multivariate approach in the assessment of fatigue.
Author: | Ross JulianGND, Tim Friedrich MeyerORCiDGND, Hugh H. K. FullagarGND, Sabrina SkorskiGND, Mark PfeifferORCiDGND, Michael KellmannORCiDGND, Alexander FerrautiORCiDGND, Anne HeckstedenGND |
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:294-89277 |
DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001390 |
Parent Title (English): | Journal of strength and conditioning research |
Subtitle (English): | trait or chance |
Publisher: | Wolters Kluwer |
Place of publication: | Alphen aan den Rijn |
Document Type: | Article |
Language: | English |
Date of Publication (online): | 2022/05/11 |
Date of first Publication: | 2017/03/01 |
Publishing Institution: | Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsbibliothek |
Tag: | Exercise; Regeneration; Reproducibility; Surrogate markers; Training |
Volume: | 31 |
Issue: | 3 |
First Page: | 608 |
Last Page: | 619 |
Note: | This is a non-final version of an article published in final form in Julian, R, Meyer, T, Fullagar, HHK, Skorski, S, Pfeiffer, M, Kellmann, M, Ferrauti, A, and Hecksteden, A. Individual patterns in blood-borne indicators of fatigue—trait or chance. J Strength Cond Res 31(3): 608–619, 2017 https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001390 |
Dewey Decimal Classification: | Künste und Unterhaltung / Sport |
open_access (DINI-Set): | open_access |
faculties: | Fakultät für Sportwissenschaft |
Licence (German): | Keine Creative Commons Lizenz - es gelten die Rechteeinräumung und das deutsche Urheberrecht |