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Alexander Nikolai Kalweit, Honghong Yang, Jens Colitti-Klausnitzer, Livia Fülöp, Zsolt Bozsó, Botond Penke, Denise Manahan-Vaughan

• Accumulation of amyloid plaques comprises one of the major hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In rodents, acute treatment with amyloid-beta (A\(\beta\); 1–42) elicits immediate debilitating effects on hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP). Whereas LTP contributes to synaptic information storage, information is transferred across neurons by means of neuronal oscillations. Furthermore, changes in theta-gamma oscillations, that appear during high-frequency stimulation (HFS) to induce LTP, predict whether successful LTP will occur. Here, we explored if intra-cerebral treatment with A\(\beta\)(1–42), that prevents LTP, also results in alterations of hippocampal oscillations that occur during HFS of the perforant path-dentate gyrus synapse in 6-month-old behaving rats. HFS resulted in LTP that lasted for over 24 h. In A\(\beta\)-treated animals, LTP was significantly prevented. During HFS, spectral power for oscillations below 100 Hz (\(\delta\), \(\theta\), \(\alpha\), \(\beta\) and \(\gamma\)) was significantly higher in A\(\beta\)-treated animals compared to controls. In addition, the trough-to-peak amplitudes of theta and gamma cycles were higher during HFS in A\(\beta\)-treated animals. We also observed a lower amount of envelope-to-signal correlations during HFS in A\(\beta\)-treated animals. Overall, the characteristic profile of theta-gamma oscillations that accompany successful LTP induction was disrupted. These data indicate that alterations in network oscillations accompany A\(\beta\)-effects on hippocampal LTP. This may comprise an underlying mechanism through which disturbances in synaptic information storage and hippocampus-dependent memory occurs in AD.